The commonest cause of SGA is wrong dating of the pregnancy but an early ultrasound scan confirms when conception occurred. Malnutrition of the mother is a cause of being born too small but the placenta and developing baby receive nutrition preferentially. Babies maybe genetically programmed to be small yet are completely normal and healthy. Small babies from small mothers develop normally and do not need special attention. ln certain ethnic groups, the average birth weight is lower: this is evident when Japanese babies are compared with European babies.